Utu whaitake a te kaiwhakarato koura, he hongere maitai waro āhua-U kua whakaritea
Hanganga maitai o te Hongere Cka taea te wehewehe ki te aroturuki pumau, te aroturuki whakarerekētanga me te aroturuki aunoa. Ka whakaukia te whāriki pumau ki runga i te turanga mā te whakamahi i ngā wāhanga kua whakauruhia, me ētahi atu, e tika ana mō ngā hiahia tāutanga o ngā koki rerekē;
TE TUKANGA HANGA HUA
RAHI O TE HUA
| Taonga | Ngā Whakatakotoranga |
|---|---|
| Rauemi | Q195 / Q235 / SS304 / SS316 / Konumohe |
| Matotoru | 1.5 / 1.9 / 2.0 / 2.5 / 2.7 mm (12GA / 14GA / 16GA / 0.079 inihi / 0.098 inihi) |
| Wāhanga Whakawhiti | 41×21, 41×41, 41×62, 41×82 mm; he kōhao, he papatahi rānei (1-5/8''×1-5/8'', 1-5/8''×13/16'') |
| Paerewa | GB / DIN / ANSI / JIS / ISO |
| Roa | 2 m / 3 m / 6 m / kua whakaritea (10 putu / 19 putu / kua whakaritea) |
| Te tākai | 50–100 ngā wahi kua takaihia ki roto i ngā putea kirihou |
| Whakaoti | Kua whakapūmautia i mua, HDG, SS304, SS316, Konumohe, Paninga Paura |
| Kāore. | Rahi (mm) | Rahi (inihi) | Matotoru (mm) | Ine | Momo | Whakaotinga Mata |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | 41×21 | 1-5/8×13/16" | 1.0, 1.2, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 | 20, 19, 17, 14, 13 | He kōhao / he totoka | GI, HDG, Paura Panipani |
| B | 41×25 | 1-5/8×1" | 1.0, 1.2, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 | 20, 19, 17, 14, 13 | He kōhao / he totoka | GI, HDG, Paura Panipani |
| C | 41×41 | 1-5/8×1-5/8" | 1.0, 1.2, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 | 20, 19, 17, 14, 13 | He kōhao / he totoka | GI, HDG, Paura Panipani |
| D | 41×62 | 1-5/8×2-7/16" | 1.0, 1.2, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 | 20, 19, 17, 14, 13 | He kōhao / he totoka | GI, HDG, Paura Panipani |
| E | 41×82 | 1-5/8×3-1/4" | 1.0, 1.2, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 | 20, 19, 17, 14, 13 | He kōhao / he totoka | GI, HDG, Paura Panipani |
PAINGA
Ko te maitai o te awaawa C e whakamahia nuitia ana mō ngā purlin me ngā kurupae pakitara i roto i te hanganga maitai, ā, ka taea te whakamahi i roto i ngā tuanui mama, ngā tautoko whare me ngā wāhanga hanga maitai. Ka taea hoki te whakamahi mō ngā pou, ngā kurupae me ngā ringaringa i roto i ngā mīhini, ngā taputapu me ngā mahi ahumahi mama. He mea hanga matao mai i ngā pereti maitai hurihuri wera, he mama te maitai angiangi-āhua C, he kaha te mahi whakawhiti-wāhanga me te kaha teitei. Ka taea te whiwhi i te kaha ōrite ki te maitai awaawa tuku iho, ā, ka taea te penapena rauemi mā te 30%.
I te whanaketanga o te ōhanga ā-motu me te whanaketanga o ngā rauemi hanga whare matomato, kua tino whanakehia hoki te hangarau whakaputa maitai i te āhua C. E whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā kurupae pakitara nā te mea he pai ēnei:
1. Māmā:He mea hanga ki te maitai hurihuri-wera, nō reira he mama ake, ka whakaiti i te kawenga ki runga i te hanganga, ka māmā ake hoki te hanga i te raima.
2. He maha ngā mahi, ā, he pumau:Nā te hoahoa ataahua o roto, ka taea te tu atu i ngā wiri nui me ngā awe o te taiao.
3. Whai Hua:Ka penapenahia ngā rauemi me ngā mahi tāpiri i te wā o te tukanga whakarewa, ka whakapiki ake i te tika, ā, he māmā noa iho te wetewete me te hangarua i te whakarewa.
TE TIROHANGA O NGĀ HUA
Hei whakarite i te mahi whai hua a te tipu hongere C kua whakakikoruatia, me te whakarato hoki i te mahi pai, me whakahaere tonu ngā whakamātautau me ngā tirotiro e whai ake nei:
1. Te Whai Hua o te Whakaputa Hiko: Tirohia te whakaputanga pūngao tuturu o te pūnaha PV ki tōna whakaputanga ariā kia mōhio ai kei te mahi rite tonu ki te mea e tumanakohia ana.
2. Te mahi a ngā kōwae: Ka taea te whakamātautau i ngā wāhanga photovoltaic mā te ine i te iahiko, te ngaohiko, te mana me ētahi atu tawhā hei tirotiro i te mahi me te hekenga.
3. Te Pūmautanga o te Pūnaha: Whakamātauria te pumau me te roa o te ora o ngā wāhanga matua tae atu ki te inverter, te taura me ētahi atu wāhanga matua.
4. Aromatawai Taiao: Rangahauhia te awe ki te taiao i te wā e hanga ana, e whakahaere ana rānei, mēnā kei te hangai ki ngā ture me ngā whakaritenga e pā ana.
KAUPAPA
Tā mātou kamupene,Ngā Kaiwhakarato Rino Hongere C, i whai wāhi ki te mahi pūngao rā nui rawa atu i roto iAmerika ki te Tongame ngā whāriki me ngā otinga hoahoa. Mā te whakamahi i ngā hangarau matua i whakawhanakehia i te motu, i tukuna e mātou15,000 tāneo ngā whāriki photovoltaic i whai wāhi ki te tipu o te umanga photovoltaic i te rohe, me te whakapai ake i te oranga o ngā hapori o te rohe.
Kei roto i te kaupapa he tipu hiko photovoltaic 6 MW me te pūnaha rokiroki pākahiko 5 MW/2.5 h, ā, he kaha te whai huatanga o te hurihanga photoelectric hei whakaputa i te 1,200 kWh ia tau.
TONO
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Te Tāutanga o te Tuanui:
Ka taea te tāuta i ngā whāriki photovoltaic ki runga i ngā tuanui papatahi, ki runga rānei i ngā tuanui whakarunga. Ko te kōwhiringa ka whakawhirinaki ki te rahi o te tuanui, te kaha kawenga, me te koki. Ko ngā hanganga iti me ngā hanganga waenga te mea e pai ake ana mō ngā tāutanga pūngao rā iti ake nā te mea he māmā ake te huihui me te wetewete. -
Tāutanga Whenua:
Mō ngā teihana hiko o te rā nui ake e mau ana ki te whenua, me whai whakaaro ngā tautoko ki te whenua me te pari kia mau ai te pumau me te haumaru. Ka tukuna e ngā whakaurunga whenua he ngāwari, he ngāwari te tiaki, me ngā whakarerekētanga watea. -
Tāutanga Mata Wai:
Whakamahia ki ngā roto, ki ngā puna wai, me ētahi atu wai. Me kaha te waikura o ngā whāriki, ā, me ātete hoki ki te wai kia tu atu ai ki ngā taiao wai uaua.
Ngā Purlin Rino Āhua-Che mea nui i roto i ngā pūnaha photovoltaic, e tautoko ana, e whakamau ana hoki i ngā panera rā, me te whakarei ake i te whai huatanga me te pono o te pūnaha.
TE TĀKAI ME TE TUKU
1. Te Tākai o te Mētara Whakaahua-Voltaic
Ka tiakina e te takai ngā mata karāhe me ngā pūnaha whāriki o ngā kōwae photovoltaic, ka ārai i te kino i te wā e kawe ana. Ko ngā tikanga takai noa ko:
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Ngā Pouaka Huka:He pouaka pahuka mārō i hangaia ki te kāri, ki te rakau rānei, he kaha rawa, hei whakarato i te tiakitanga whai hua me te ngāwari ake o te whakahaere.
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Ngā Pouaka Rākau:He kōwhiringa kaha ake mō ngā taonga taumaha, ahakoa he nunui ake, ā, kāore i te tino pai mō te taiao.
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Ngā papa:Ngā kōwae e whakatakotoria ana ki runga i ngā papa kāri kōpikopiko hei kawe pumau, haumaru, me te ngāwari.
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Papa rakau:Ka whakau i ngā kōwae hei ārai i ngā tukinga, i ngā rerekētanga rānei i te wā e kawe ana.
2. Te kawe i ngā waeine photovoltaic
Ka taea te kawe i ngā kōwae mā te whenua, te moana, te rangi rānei, me ngā whakaaro motuhake mō ia kōwae:
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Te Waka Whenua:He pai mō ngā tawhiti kei raro iho i te 1,000 km i roto i te tāone kotahi, i te kawanatanga kotahi rānei. Kia tupato ki te whakahaere, ā, whakamahia ngā kaiwhakarato ratonga kawe taonga ngaio.
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Te Waka Moana:He mea tino pai mō ngā tuku tawhiti, mai i ngā rohe ki ngā whenua rerekē, mai i ngā rohe ki ngā whenua rerekē rānei. Kia aro ki te takai, te tiaki i te makuku, me te mahi tahi me ngā kamupene tuku pono.
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Te Waka Rererangi:He kōwhiringa tere mō te tuku whakawhiti-rohe, tawhiti rānei. Me nui ake te utu me ngā mahi tiaki tika.
KAHA O TE KAMUPENE
I hangaia ki Haina – Ngā Hua Kounga me te Ratonga Pono.
1. Painga Tauine:He wheketere rino nui me te mekameka tuku rino mō te whakaputa, te hoko me te whakahaere i ngā mahi.
2. Ngā momo hua:He whānuitanga ngā momo hua e tukuna ana e mātou, tae atu ki te hanganga maitai, te rēriwe, te puranga rau, ngā whāriki photovoltaic, te maitai hongere, ngā koiri maitai silicon, me ētahi atu hei whakatutuki i ō hiahia rerekē.
3. Pūmau te Tukunga:Ngā raina hanga pono me ngā mekameka tuku mō te hanga papatipu.
4. Te Awe o te Waitohu:Te mākete kaha ā-rohe.
5. Ratonga kotahi-mutu:ratonga kotahi te mutunga tae atu ki te hoahoa ritenga, te hanga me te kawe mahi.
6. Uara Nui:He maitai kounga teitei mō te utu whaitake.
TE HAERENGA MAI O NGĀ KIRITAKI
Ngā Kōwhiringa Tākai
1. Pouaka Pahuka:Pouaka pahuka kaha pēhanga teitei, pouaka rakau pakari rānei hei tiaki i te ringaringa.
2. Pouaka Rākau:He pai te tiakitanga mō ngā hua taumaha; he iti te wāhi, ā, kāore i te tino pai ki te taiao.
3.Pareti:Ngā kōwae e takoto ana i runga i ngā papa kāri kōpikopiko hei pumau me te whakahaere.
4. Papariki:Āpitihia ana ngā kōwae kia kore ai e tukinga, e pīrori, e whakapē rānei i te wā e tukuna ana.
Ngā Tikanga Tukunga
1. Whenua:E tika ana mō te tawhiti iti iho i te 1,000 Km; kāore he kuru, me ngā mahi whakarite ngaio.
2. Moana:He pai mō te kawe tawhiti, whakawhiti-rohe, tae atu ki tāwāhi rānei; kia aro ki te takai, te tiaki i te makuku, kātahi ka whiriwhiri i tētahi kamupene kawe pono.
3. Hau:He kōwhiringa tuku tere whakawhiti-rohe; he nui ake te utu, ā, me tika te whakahaere.
KAHA O TE KAMUPENE
Ngā Pātai Auau
Q1: He aha ngā paerewa ka taea e koe te tuku?
A: Ka taea e mātou te tuku hongere e ai ki ngā paerewa EN 10025, EN 10279, ASTM, JIS, me GB, i runga i te momo hua e hiahiatia ana me te whakatakotoranga kaupapa.
Q2: Ka taea e koe te whakarato i te MTC me te tirotiro a te hunga tuatoru?
Āe. Kei te wātea ngā Tiwhikete Whakamātautau Mira (MTC), ā, ka taea te whakarite i ngā tirotiro a te hunga tuatoru pēnei i te SGS, BV rānei, kia rite ki ngā hiahia o te kiritaki.
Q3: Me pēhea te tākai i ngā awa rino mō te kaweake?
A: Ko ngā awaawa he mea here ki ngā whitiki rino, ā, he mea tiaki kia haumaru ai te whakahaere me te kawe ki tāwāhi. Kei te wātea hoki ngā takai me ngā tohu ritenga.
Q4: He aha te rahinga iti rawa o te ota?
A: Ko te MOQ e whakawhirinaki ana ki te rahi o te hongere, te kounga, me te wātaka whakaputa. Ka taea e tātou te matapaki i ngā rahinga e tika ana mō ngā ota whakamātautau me ngā kaupapa papatipu.
Q5: Me pēhea taku tiki korero mō ngā awa rino?
A: Tukuna mai te momo hongere, te rahi, te kounga maitai, te roa, te rahinga, te paerewa, me te wāhi tuku. Ma tā mātou tīma e whakarato he whakatau utu whakataetae me te otinga tuku.
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