Pāwhiritia hei tiki i tētahi Hoahoa 3D me te Tāpaetanga KOREUTU i roto i ngā hāora 24!
Ngā Piriti Hanganga Rino i Hangaia Ritenga – Ngā Hoahoa o ngā Pouaka Whakarewa, Āwhata, me ngā Pouaka Whakarewa
TONO
Ngā Piriti me ngā Kaupapa HangangaHe whānuitia te whakamahinga o te hanganga maitai i roto ipiriti hanganga maitai, ngā huarahi tere, me ngā kaupapa hanganga pūngao nā tōna kaha ki te whakatutuki i ngā tono hangarau uaua me te kaha teitei, te tika, me te ngāwari hoahoa.
Ngā wheketere ahumahi me te hanga peretiTaumaha-mahingā kurupae maitaiKo ngā kurupae-H, ngā kurupae-I, me ngā pereti maitai e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā mahi ahumahi e pikau ana i ngā kawenga nui. He tino pai ēnei mō ngā papa taputapu, ngā raina whakaputa, me ngā pūnaha papa wheketere, e whakarato ana i te kaha hanganga me te pumau tino pai.
Ngā Whare Putunga me ngā Pokapū Whakahaere Taonga: Ngā whare hanganga maitai kua oti te hangaka taea te hanga tere me te whai hua o ngā whare putunga me ngā pokapū tohatoha. Mā ngā wāhanga whakarara, ka taea te huihui pai i te papaanga, me te whakarite hoki i te kaha hanganga teitei, te pakari, me te roa o te ora ratonga.
Ngā whare arumoni me ngā whare tūmatanui:Ngā anga maitai kua oti te hangaHe otinga hou, ngāwari hoki mō ngā hanganga arumoni, tae atu ki ngā whare tari, ngā pokapū hokohoko, me ngā whare hākinakina. Ka tukuna e rātou he tāutanga whai hua, he pono te hanganga, me ngā kōwhiringa hoahoa urutau.
NGĀ TAIPITOPITO O TE HUA
Ngā hua hanganga rino matua mō te hanganga piriti
1. Momo piriti hanganga maitai matua
| Momo Hua | Awhe Whakatakotoranga | Mahi Matua | Te Urutaunga o Amerika Waenganui |
| Te Piriti o Truss | Whānuitanga: 15–120 m | He hanganga roa e mau ana i te kawenga mō ngā waka, ngā kaihaerere, me te rerewē māmā | Ngā hononga pūmau rū whenua; he hanganga kua whakaritea mō te kawe ngāwari; he paninga ārai-waikura mō te āhuarangi pārūrū |
| Piriti o te Āwhata | Whānuitanga: 20–150 m | Te whakawhiti kawenga whai hua mā roto i te hanganga āwhata mō ngā waka taumaha me te whakamahinga o te tāone | Rino whakarewa wera-toia; peera ru whenua; wāhanga mokamoka mō te tāutanga mamao |
| Piriti Pouaka Whakairo | Whānuitanga: 10–100 m | Te ātete teitei ki te piko me te takahuri mō ngā huarahi tere me ngā rori teitei | Hoahoa arotau mō te rū whenua; hononga ranu kua whakarewaina/kua whakapurua; wāhanga kua oti te hanga mō te whai huatanga o te kawe waka |
| Piriti Hīkoi / Pahikara | Whānuitanga: 5–50 m | He hanganga māmā mō te urunga a te hunga hikoi me te hunga pahikara | Papa ārai-paheke; paninga ātete-waikura; huihuinga tere mō ngā taiao toropika |
2. Ngā hua pūnaha ārai (ātete ki te huarere + ārai-waikura)
| Momo Hua | Awhe Whakatakotoranga | Mahi Matua | Te Urutaunga o Amerika Waenganui |
| Ngā Paewhiri Papa Tuanui | C12×25 – C18×35, he mea whakarewa wera (Zn ≥ 85 μm) | Tautoko ana i ngā papa piriti me ngā pūnaha tuanui tiaki; i hangaia mō te ātete nui ki te hau (Taumata Taipō 12) | He paninga ārai-waikura mō ngā āhuarangi pārūrū; he hoahoa māmā, he āhua rerekē hoki mō te kawe ngāwari me te tāutanga tere |
| Ngā Paewhiri Pakitara Taha | Z10×22 – Z16×28, ātete ki te rehu tote >1000 hāora | Ka whakarato i te tiaki huarere mō ngā ara hīkoi me ngā wāhi tiaki | Te hoahoa hauhautanga hei whakaiti i te hauhautanga; te ātete waikura nui ake mō ngā taiao wera me te makuku |
| Pūnaha Tautoko me te Ārai | Φ14–Φ18 maitai porowhita kua whakapūmautia + maitai koki L60×6 | Ka whakapai ake i te pumau taha me te ātete ki te hau/rū whenua | Ngā hononga pūtu/whakarewa kua arotauhia mō te rū whenua; he mahi ātete-waikura pakari mō ngā āhuarangi takutai moana |
3. Te tautoko i ngā hua āwhina (te urutaunga hanga ā-rohe)
| Momo Hua | Awhe Whakatakotoranga | Mahi Matua | Te Urutaunga o Amerika Waenganui |
| Ngā Hononga Whānui | Ngā hononga maitai/rapa tauwehe, 50–200 mm te whānui | Ka mimiti i te whakawhānui me te whakaheke wera i roto i ngā hanganga piriti | He hoahoa ātete rū whenua me ngā rauemi ātete waikura mō ngā taiao haukū |
| Ngā Ārai me ngā Ārai Haumaru | Ngā wāhanga awa/ngongo maitai, teitei 900–1200 mm | Ka whakarite i te haumaru o ngā waka me ngā kaihaerere; ka tiaki i ngā taha o te piriti | Paninga ārai-waikura me te ātete ki te UV; he pai mō te nui o te ua me te pānga ki te tote o te takutai |
| Ngā Arawhata me ngā Papa Uru | Ngā arawhata maitai piauau (Φ32–Φ50) me ngā papa (L50×5) | Ka whakarato i te urunga haumaru ki te tirotiro me te tiaki | He hoahoa māmā, he āhua rerekē hoki, mō te tāutanga tere; ātete ki te waikura mō ngā āhuarangi pārūrū |
| Ngā Pūnaha Waikeri | Ngā pae rino (Φ12 ngā pae) me ngā awaawa C-channel (100×50–150×75) | Ka ārai i te kohikohinga wai, ā, ka whakarite kia pai te rerenga wai | He paninga kua pania, kua wera-tōkia rānei hei ātete ki te ua nui me te tupuhi |
| Ngā Tautoko Rama me ngā Whaipainga | Ngā pou rino, ngā whāriki, ngā paepae taura | Tautoko ana i ngā whakaurunga rama, tohu, me ngā ratonga | He paninga ā-mua mō te ārai-waikura; he hoahoa ā-pūrua mō te ngāwari o te whakakapinga ki ngā wāhi tūmatanui |
TE TUKA I TE HANGANGA RINO
Te tapahi
Ka whakamahia te tapahi plasma me te tapahi mura mō ngā pereti maitai matotoru, ā, ka whakamahia ngā mīhini kutikuti tika mō ngā pereti angiangi. Mā tēnei ka āwhina kia tika ngā ine me ngā taha tapahi maeneene.
Te hanga
Ka whakamahia te piko makariri me te hanga pēhi pēhi mō ngā purlin, ngā awaawa, me ngā rakau mura, ko ngā roera ia ka whakamahia mō ngā mema porowhita me ngā tautoko porowhita. Mā tēnei tukanga ka pumau te rahi me te kaha o te hanganga.
Whakarewa
Mō ngā kurupae-H me ngā pou taumaha, ka mahia te whakarewa pewa i raro i te wai, ā, mō ngā pereti hononga me ngā hononga hanganga ka whakamahia te whakarewa pewa ā-ringa. Ka whakamatautauria ia whakarewa kia pakari ai te hanganga me te pono.
Te Tukatuka Kōhao
Ka whakamahia te keri CNC hei whakarite kia tino tika te tūnga o ngā kōhao pūtu, ā, ka whakamahia ngā mīhini perehi poka mō ngā mahi whakaputa puranga iti. Ko te tika o te tūnga ka whakarite kia maeneene, kia whai hua hoki te tāutanga ki te papa.
Te Maimoatanga Mata
Ka whakamahia te pupuhi pupuhi, te pupuhi onepu rānei hei tango i te waikura me ngā poke o te mata, kātahi ka huri i ngā hononga whakarewa me te whakaoti i te mata. Kātahi ka pania te pūtu me te toenga o te huihuinga ki te konukōre wera hei tiaki i te waikura me te kaha mō te wā roa.
Hui Whakamātautau
Kua oti kē te huihui i ngā pou, ngā kurupae, me ngā pūnaha tautoko hei tirotiro i te taunga me te tika o te hanganga. Ka mahia te tirotiro i ngā āhuatanga me ngā taputapu ine ngaio kia tutuki ai ngā whakaritenga hoahoa. Ka wetewetehia ngā wāhanga mō te takai haumaru me te tuku i muri i te tirotiro.
TE WHAKAMĀTAUTAU I TE HANGANGA RINO
| Momo Whakamātautau | Paerewa(ngā) | Kaupapa / Tuhipoka |
| Whakamātautau Utaina Hanganga | ASTM A370, EN 10002 | Ka manatoko ka taea e ngā kurupae, ngā taura, me ngā taura te tu atu ki ngā kawenga waka, ngā kawenga hikoi, me ngā kawenga piriti hihiri |
| Tirotiro Kounga Whakarewa | AWS D1.1, ISO 5817 | Me whakarite kia tutuki ngā hononga whakarewa i ngā paerewa o te ao, he mea nui mō ngā hononga anga me ngā hononga pouaka. |
| Whakamātautau Ātete Waikura (Rehu Tote / Kohu) | ASTM B117, ISO 9227 | Aromatawai i te ātete ki te waikura i ngā taiao takutai moana me ngā taiao pārūrū |
| Whakamātautau Piripiri Paninga | ASTM D3359, ISO 2409 | Ka whakaū i te piri o te paninga me te whakapūmau i te whakapūmau hei ārai i te kiri i raro i ngā huringa pāmahana |
| Ātete UV me te Ātete Huarere | ASTM G154, ISO 4892 | Ka whakamātautau i te ātete ki te pānga o te rā, ka ārai i te memeha me te pirau o te mata |
| Te Ātete ki te Makuku me te Wera | ASTM D2247 | Ka whakarite i te mahi paninga i raro i ngā huringa haumākū me te pāmahana tiketike |
| Whakamātautau Pānga me te Whakahaere | ASTM D2794, ISO 6272 | Ka whakamana i te roa o te paninga i te wā e kawe ana, e whakahaere ana, e tāuta ana hoki |
| Tirotiro i te Ahu me te Tika | ISO 8501, EN 1090 | Ka whakarite kia tutuki ngā wāhanga kua oti te hanga i ngā whakaritenga hoahoa mō te huihuinga tika |
| Whakamātautau Ngenge me te Wiri | ASTM E466, ISO 12107 | Aromatawai i te mahi mō te wā roa i raro i te waka, te hau, me ngā kawenga hihiri |
| Whakamātautau Hononga Punga me te Pūtu | ASTM F606, EN 14399 | Ka whakaū i te haumaru me te kaha o ngā hononga pūmau, ngā punga, me ngā hononga rū whenua |
TE MAIMOATANGA O TE PAPA
TE TĀKAI ME TE TUKU
Ko ngā wāhanga katoa o te piriti maitai kua whakakīia ki ngā paerewa takai kaweake o te ao, e whakarite ana kia haumaru, kia mau hoki te mōkihi, ā, kia kore ai e waikura i te kawe tawhiti.
Ko ngā wāhanga matua e mau ana i te kawenga me ngā wāhanga whakawhiti nunui o ngā kurupae, ngā poupou, ngā taura me ērā atu mea, he mea here pūmau ki ngā whitiki rino, ā, he mea whakakaha ki te rakau, ki te konganuku rānei i ngā taha e rua kia kore ai e hē te āhua i raro i te kawenga me te kawe waka i te moana.
Ka whakaputahia ngā mahere uta e ai ki ētahi paearu arotau i raro i te tauira me ngā ipu 20 putu/40 putu, ā, ka whakamahia ngā whata papatahi, ngā kaipuke papatipu rānei i runga i te rahi o ngā waahanga.
Kei reira ngā otinga tuku ngāwari e wātea ana (FCL, LCL, mai i te nuinga), e taea ai te whakatutuki i ō hiahia mō te haumarutanga me te tuku tere ki ngā papa kaupapa o te ao.
HE AHA I WHIRIA AI Ā MĀTOU HANGANGA RINO?
Hangaia kia Mau tonuTe roa o te mahi mō te 50+ tau me te maimoatanga ārai-waikura, he iti noa te tiaki.
Kaha & NgāwariHe ōwehenga kaha-ki-taumaha tino pai mō ngā whānuitanga nui (tae atu ki te 40m+) me ngā hoahoa ritenga.
Tere me te Penapena UtuKa whakaitihia e ngā wāhanga kua oti te hanga te wā mahi i te papaanga mā te 40–60%, ka whakaitihia hoki ngā utu mahi.
Ātaahua ki te TaiaoHe maitai hangarua 100%, he iti te tapuwae waro.
Tukunga HaumaruHe tino pai te takai ā-waikura/ārai waikura + he pumau te tuku—ka tae mai ngā wāhanga katoa me te kore he pakaru.
Kua rite koe ki te tīmata i tō kaupapa?
Ngā Pātai Auau
Q1: He kamupene hokohoko koe, he kaihanga rānei?
A: Kei a mātou ake ngā wheketere hanga hanganga maitai, pepa maitai me ngā panera hanawiti. Nau mai ki tō mātou kamupene ki te tiro i ā mātou hua me te matapaki i tō kaupapa.
Q2: Ka taea e koe te whakarato ratonga tāutanga i runga i te pae?
A: Ka taea e mātou te whakarato ratonga aratohu tāutanga i runga i te tono a ngā kiritaki. Ka tukuna te tuhi toa, te tuhi tāutanga me te ataata ki te kiritaki hei āwhina i te whakatūnga o te papaanga. Mena e tika ana, ka haere mai tā mātou miihini ki te papaanga hei ārahi i te tāutanga.
Q3: He aha te wā tuku?
A: Kei te nui o te ota. Ko te tikanga, ko te wā tuku ka 25 ki te 60 ngā rā.
Q4: Me pēhea taku tiki i tētahi korero mō taku kaupapa?
A: Tēnā koa, tukuna mai he karere ki konei, īmēra mai rānei. Ka whakautu atu ahau ki a koe i te wā e taea ai. Nau mai, whakapā mai ki ahau mō tō whare!
Q5: Ka taea e koe te mahi i te hoahoa mā mātou?
Āe, ka taea e mātou te hoahoa i ngā momo tuhi kia rite ki ō hiahia. Mā te whakamahi i a AutoCAD, Tekla Structures, SAP2000 me STAAD Pro, me ētahi atu, hei hoahoa i ngā whare pēnei i te whare putunga, te awheawhe, te tari, te kura, te whare noho me te whare whakaaturanga.
Q6: Me pēhea te tākai me te tuku?
A: Ko te kete o te rauemi hanganga maitai he papa maitai. I muri i te utaina ki roto i ngā ipu, ka tukuna ki te Tauranga o Qingdao ka haria mā te moana.
Q7: Āhea ahau ka taea te tiki i te utu?
A: Kaua e mangere ki te tuku karere mai ki konei, ki te īmēra mai rānei. Ka whakautu atu ahau ki a koe i te wā e taea ai. Nau mai ki te whakapā mai mō tō whare!
Wāhitau
Bl20, Shanhecheng, Shuangjie Street, Beichen District, Tianjin, Haina
Ī-mēra
Waea
+86 13652091506
Tuhia tō karere ki konei ka tuku mai ki a mātou
