Ngā Pūrongo - Te Whanaketanga o ngā Rerewē Rino: Mai i te Huringa Ahumahi ki ngā Hanganga Hou

Ngā reri maitaihe mahi nui tā rātou i roto i te hanga i ngā hanganga o te ao, te hurihanga i te kawe waka, me te whakahohe i te tipu o ngā ōhanga. Mai i ngā rā tōmua o te Huringa Ahumahi ki te ao hou, ko te whanaketanga o ngā reri maitai he tohu i te auahatanga o te tangata me te pūkenga hangarau.

Ka taea te whai i te hītori o ngā reri maitai ki te tīmatanga o te rautau 19 i te wā i akiakihia ai te whanaketanga o ngā rerewē e te hiahia mō ngā pūnaha kawe waka whai hua. I mua i te whakaurunga mai o ngā reri maitai, i whakamahia whānuitia ngā reri rakau, engari he ngāwari ki te pakaru, ka whakawhāiti i te tere me te kaha o ngā tereina. Ko te taenga mai o ngā reri maitai he tohu i te whanaketanga nui, nā te mea he pai ake te pakari me te kaha, ā, ka taea te whakawhānui ake i ngā whatunga rerewē me te kawe i ngā kawenga taumaha.

I te wā o te Huringa Ahumahi, i tino whanake te hanga reri maitai, nā ngā mahi auaha i roto i ngā tukanga hanga maitai. Nā te tukanga Bessemer, i whakawhanakehia i te tekau tau atu i 1850, i huri te hanga maitai mā te āheinga ki te hanga papatipu o te maitai kounga teitei i te utu iti iho. Nā tēnei putanga hou i whariki te huarahi mō te whānui o te whakamahinga o ngā reri maitai, i te mea kua iti ake te utu me te wātea mō ngā kaupapa hanga reri.

Te pakari me te ātete ongā rērakua whai wāhi nui ki te whakatairanga i te tipu o ngā ahumahi me te tauhokohoko. Nā te kaha o ngā reri maitai ki te tu atu i ngā kawenga taumaha me ngā āhuatanga taiao kino, kua tino hiahiatia ai mō te kawe i ngā taonga me ngā pāhihi puta noa i ngā tawhiti tawhiti. Nō reira, kua noho ko ngā pūnaha rerewē hei mea nui ki te ōhanga o te ao, hei oranga mō te tauhokohoko.

I tēnei ao hou, kei te whanake tonu te whanaketanga o ngā rēri maitai, nā te whanaketanga o te pūtaiao rauemi me te hangarau. Nā te whanaketanga o ngā koranu maitai kaha-teitei me ngā tikanga hanga matatau kua whakarei ake i te mahi me te roa o te ora o ngā rēri maitai. Nā ēnei auahatanga i taea ai te hanga whatunga rēri tere-nui me te whakawhānui ake i ngā hanganga rēri hei whakatutuki i ngā hiahia o tētahi ao e tere whanake ana.

Te hiranga ongā reera maitaiKāore e taea te whakanui rawa i ngā hanganga hou. Koinei te pou tuarā o ngā pūnaha kawe waka, e hono ana i ngā tāone, i ngā rohe, me ngā whenua, ā, e whakahaere ana hoki i te nekehanga o te tangata me ngā taonga. Heoi anō, ka whai wāhi ngā rēri maitai ki ngā mahi pumau mā te tuku i tētahi momo kawe waka e whai hua ana ki te pūngao, e whakaiti ana i ngā tukunga waro me te whakaiti i te pēhanga o ngā waka.

Ki te titiro whakamua, kei te tumanakohia ngā whanaketanga nui ake i te heke mai o ngā reriwe rino. Kei te arotahi ngā mahi rangahau me te whanaketanga ki te whakarei ake i te whai huatanga me te pumau o ngā pūnaha reriwe, me te aro nui ki te whakaiti i te pānga ki te taiao me te whakapai ake i te mahi whakahaere. Mai i te whakamahi i ngā hangarau reriwe auaha ki te whakatinanatanga o ngā otinga hanganga atamai, kua rite te whanaketanga o ngā reriwe rino ki te hanga tonu i te whenua o te kawe waka me te kawe waka.

Hei whakamutunga, he haerenga whakamiharo te whanaketanga o ngā reri maitai, mai i tōna tīmatanga iti i te wā o te Huringa Ahumahi ki tōna tūranga matua i roto i ngā hanganga hou. Hei tohu i te auahatanga me te ahunga whakamua o te tangata, kua hurihia e ngā reri maitai te huarahi e hono ai tātou me te neke, e whakatakoto ana i ngā ara mō te heke mai o te kawe waka pumau me te whai hua.