Ngā Pūrongo - Puranga Pepa Rino

He Kupu Whakataki ki ngā Puranga Rau Rino

Ngā puranga pepa maitaiHe momo maitai he hononga honohono. He maha ngā momo whakawhiti, tae atu ki te tika, te awaawa, me te āhua-Z, ā, he maha ngā rahi me ngā whirihoranga honohono. Ko ngā momo noa ko Larsen me Lackawanna. Ko ō rātou painga ko te kaha teitei, te ngāwari ki te pana ki te oneone mārō, me te kaha ki te hanga i roto i te wai hohonu, me te tāpiri i ngā tautoko whakarara hei hanga i tētahi whare herehere ina hiahiatia. He tino pai ngā āhuatanga ārai wai, ka taea te hanga hei pūwero o ngā āhua rerekē, ā, ka taea te whakamahi anō, ka maha ngā whakamahinga.

Ngā āhuatanga o ngā puranga pepa maitai āhua-U

1. He hoahoa whakawhiti-wāhanga whaitake me te hangarau hanga matatau ngā puranga rau maitai raupapa WR, ā, ka hua ake he ōwehenga modulus-ki-taumaha whakawhiti-wāhanga kua whakapaitia tonutia. Mā tēnei ka taea te whakatutuki i ngā painga ōhanga tino pai, ā, ka whānui ake te whānuitanga o ngā whakamahinga o ngā puranga rau hanga-matao.
2. Ngā puranga rino momo-WRUe wātea ana i roto i te whānuitanga o ngā whakatakotoranga me ngā tauira.
3. I hoahoatia, i hangaia hoki kia rite ki ngā paerewa Pākehā, ko tōna hanganga ōrite ka māmā ake te whakamahi anō, he rite ki te maitai wera-hurihuri, ā, ka tukuna he taumata herekore koki hei whakatika i ngā hapa hanga.
4. Te whakamahinga opuranga pepa maitai waro kounga teiteiā, mā ngā taputapu whakaputa matatau ka pai te mahi a ngā puranga rau matao.
5. Ka taea te whakarite i ngā roa ritenga kia tutuki ai ngā hiahia o te kiritaki, kia nui ai te whakahaere i te hanganga me te whakaiti i ngā utu.
6. Nā te ngāwari o te hanga, ka taea te tono i mua mō te whakamahi me ngā puranga modular.
7. He poto te huringa hoahoa me te whakaputa, ā, ka taea te whakarite i te mahi puranga pepa kia tutuki ai ngā hiahia o te kiritaki.

Ngā āhuatanga o ngā puranga pepa maitai āhua-U

1.Ngā Puranga Rino Matao-HangaHe maha ngā mahi, ā, he iti te utu

Mā te whakapiko i ngā pepa maitai angiangi ki te āhua e hiahiatia ana ka hangaia ngā puranga rino matao. He iti te utu, he maha hoki ngā whakamahinga, he pai mō ngā momo āhuatanga hanga. Nā te mama o te taumaha ka māmā ake te whakahaere me te kawe, ka whakaiti i te wā me ngā utu hanga. He pai ngā puranga rino matao mō ngā kaupapa he taumahatanga waenga te rahi, pērā i ngā pakitara pupuri iti, ngā keri rangitahi, me te whakapaipai whenua.

2.Ngā Puranga Rino Hurihia-weraKaha me te Pūmautanga Kore e Taea te Whakatairanga

Ko ngā puranga pepa maitai hurihuri wera, i tētahi atu taha, ka hangaia mā te whakamahana i te maitai ki te pāmahana teitei, kātahi ka hurihia ki te āhua e hiahiatia ana. Mā tēnei tukanga ka whakanui ake i te kaha me te roa o te maitai, ka pai mō ngā mahi taumaha. Nā te hoahoa honohono ka whakarite i te pumau, ā, ka taea te tu atu ki te pēhanga me te kaha kawenga nui ake. Nō reira, he maha ngā whakamahinga o ngā puranga pepa hurihuri wera i roto i ngā kaupapa hanga nui, pērā i ngā keri hohonu, ngā hanganga tauranga, ngā pūnaha whakahaere waipuke, me ngā turanga whare teitei.

Ngā painga o ngā puranga rino āhua-U

1.Ngā puranga rino āhua-Ue wātea ana i roto i te whānuitanga o ngā rahi me ngā tauira.
2. I hoahoatia, i hangaia hoki kia rite ki ngā paerewa Pākehā, ā, nā tōna hanganga ōrite ka taea te whakamahi anō, ka rite ki te maitai i hurihia ki te wera.
3. Ka taea te whakarite i ngā roa kia tutuki ai ngā hiahia o te kiritaki, kia māmā ake ai te hanga me te whakaiti i ngā utu.
4. Nā te ngāwari o te hanga, ka taea te tono i mua mō te whakamahi me ngā puranga modular.
5. He poto ngā huringa hoahoa me te whakaputa, ā, ka taea te whakarite i te mahi puranga pepa kia tutuki ai ngā hiahia o te kiritaki.

Ngā whakaritenga noa o ngā puranga pepa maitai āhua-U

Momo	Whānui	Teitei	Matotoru	Rohe wāhanga	Taumaha mō ia puranga	Taumaha mō ia pakitara	Te Wā o te Āhuakore	Te tauwehenga o te wāhanga
	mm	mm	mm	Henimita/mita	Kg/m	Kg/m2	Henimita/mita	Henimita/mita
WRU7	750	320	5	71.3	42	56	10725	670
WRU8	750	320	6	86.7	51	68.1	13169	823
WRU9	750	320	7	101.4	59.7	79.6	15251	953
WRU10-450	450	360	8	148.6	52.5	116.7	18268	1015
WRU11-450	450	360	9	165.9	58.6	130.2	20375	1132
WRU12-450	450	360	10	182.9	64.7	143.8	22444	1247
WRU11-575	575	360	8	133.8	60.4	105.1	19685	1094
WRU12-575	575	360	9	149.5	67.5	117.4	21973	1221
WRU13-575	575	360	10	165	74.5	129.5	24224	1346
WRU11-600	600	360	8	131.4	61.9	103.2	19897	1105
WRU12-600	600	360	9	147.3	69.5	115.8	22213	1234
WRU13-600	600	360	10	162.4	76.5	127.5	24491	1361
WRU18-600	600	350	12	220.3	103.8	172.9	32797	1874
WRU20-600	600	350	13	238.5	112.3	187.2	35224	2013
WRU16	650	480	8	138.5	71.3	109.6	39864	1661
WRU 18	650	480	9	156.1	79.5	122.3	44521	1855
WRU20	650	540	8	153.7	78.1	120.2	56002	2074
WRU23	650	540	9	169.4	87.3	133	61084	2318
WRU26	650	540	10	187.4	96.2	146.9	69093	2559
WRU30-700	700	558	11	217.1	119.3	170.5	83139	2980
WRU32-700	700	560	12	236.2	129.8	185.4	90880	3246
WRU35-700	700	562	13	255.1	140.2	200.3	98652	3511
WRU36-700	700	558	14	284.3	156.2	223.2	102145	3661
WRU39-700	700	560	15	303.8	166.9	238.5	109655	3916
WRU41-700	700	562	16	323.1	177.6	253.7	117194	4170
WRU 32	750	598	11	215.9	127.1	169.5	97362	3265
WRU 35	750	600	12	234.9	138.3	184.4	106416	3547
WRU 38	750	602	13	253.7	149.4	199.2	115505	3837
WRU 40	750	598	14	282.2	166.1	221.5	119918	4011
WRU 43	750	600	15	301.5	177.5	236.7	128724	4291
WRU 45	750	602	16	320.8	188.9	251.8	137561	4570

Te Whakamahinga o ngā Puranga Rau Rino

Te Hangarau Waipēhi - Ngā Tauranga-Ngā Hanganga Ara Waka - Ngā Rori me ngā Rerewē:
1. Ngā pakitara tauranga, ngā pakitara tiaki, ngā pakitara pupuri;
2. Te hanganga o te tauranga me te wāhi hanga kaipuke, ngā pakitara whakawātea haruru;
3. Ngā poupou, ngā poupou (tauranga), ngā turanga piriti;
4. Ngā ine tawhiti radar, ngā arawhata, ngā pari;
5. Ngā ara rerewē totohu, te pupuri wai whenua;
6. Ngā kauhanga.
Te Hangarau Ā-Iwi o te Ara Wai:
1. Te tiaki i ngā ara wai;
2. Ngā taiepa pupuri;
3. Te whakapakari i te papa rori me te pareparenga;
4. Ngā taputapu taunga; te ārai i te paru.

Te Whakahaere Parahanga mō ngā Kaupapa Tiaki Wai - Ngā Wāhi Parahanga, Ngā Taiapa me Ngā Whakakī Wai:

1.
(Awa) Ngā Raka, Ngā Kūaha Puku: Poutū, Ngā Taiapa Hiri;
2.
Ngā Pā, Ngā Pā: Ngā keri hei whakakapi i te oneone;
3.
Ngā Tūāpapa Piriti: Ngā ārai ara wai;
4.
(Huarahi Matua, Rerewē, me ētahi atu) Ngā awaawa: Ngā ara taura tiaki i raro i te whenua i te tihi o ngā pari;
5.
Ngā Kūaha Āwhina;
6.
Ngā Pā Waipuke: Te Whakaiti i te Haruru;
7.
Ngā Pou Piriti, Ngā Pourewa: Ngā Taiepa Ārai Haruru; Ngā Tomokanga me ngā Putanga.