He Whakahekenga Utu kei te Tukuna e te Kaiwhakarato Haina mō ngā Tauira Rerewē Paerewa Katoa o te GB
Te whanaketanga oReriwe Rino Paerewa GBka taea te whai i ngā kōrero mai i te tīmatanga o te rautau 19. I mua i te whakamahinga o te rino, i hangaia ngā rēriwe mā te whakamahi i ngā rēriwe rino maka. Heoi, he ngāwari te ngatata me te pakaru o ēnei rēriwe i raro i ngā kawenga taumaha, ā, ka whakawhāiti i te whai huatanga me te haumaru o te kawe rēriwe.
TE TUKANGA HANGA HUA
Te whakawhiti mai i te rino whakarewa ki tete rēriwe o te tereinai āta haere i roto i ngā tekau tau. I waenganui o te rautau 19, ka tīmata ngā miihini ki te whakamātautau i ngā reera rino whao, he pakari ake, he iti ake te pakarukaru i ngā reera rino maka. Heoi, he iti tonu ngā herenga o te rino whao mō te kaha me te manawanui.
I te tekau tau atu i 1860, i whakawhanakehia te tukanga Bessemer, i taea ai te hanga papatipu o te maitai kounga teitei. I uru ki tēnei tukanga te pupuhi hau i roto i te rino rewa hei tango i ngā poke, hei whakaputa i te maitai he kaha me te pakari teitei.
Nā te whakaurunga mai o ngā reriwe rino i huri te kawe waka rerewē. I taea e ngā reriwe rino te tu atu ki ngā kawenga taumaha me ngā tere teitei ake, ā, i piki ake ai te pai me te kaha o ngā pūnaha rerewē. Nā te pakari o ngā reriwe rino, i tino whakaitihia ngā utu tiaki me te wā kore mahi, ā, i taea ai te whakahaere tereina pono ake, tonu hoki.
Mai i te whakaurunga mai o ngā rēri maitai, kua haere tonu ngā whanaketanga o ngā tikanga hanga maitai me te hoahoa rēri. Kua whakawhanakehia ngā koranu maitai me ngā āhuatanga motuhake, pērā i te ātete ki te kakahu me te ātete ki te waikura, hei whakatutuki i ngā hiahia o te kawe waka rēri hou.
I ēnei rā, ko ngā rēri maitai tonu te mea matua mō te hanga rēriwe nā te mea he kaha, he pakari, he iti hoki te utu. Kei te whakapaitia tonutia kia tutuki ai ngā hiahia e piki haere tonu ana o te umanga kawe waka.
RAHI O TE HUA
| Ingoa Hua: | Reriwe Rino Paerewa GB | |||
| Momo： | Rerewē Taumaha, Rerewē Kereini, Rerewē Māmā | |||
| Rauemi/Whakatakotoranga： | ||||
| Rerewē Mama: | Tauira/Rauemi: | Q235, 55Q; | Whakatakotoranga： | 30kg/m, 24kg/m, 22kg/m, 18kg/m, 15kg/m, 12kg/m, 8kg/m. |
| Rerewē Taumaha： | Tauira/Rauemi: | 45MN，71MN； | Whakatakotoranga： | 50kg/m, 43kg/m, 38kg/m, 33kg/m. |
| Reriwe Kāniwha: | Tauira/Rauemi: | U71MN; | Whakatakotoranga： | 70 kg/m ，80 kg/m，100 kg/m，120 kg/m. |
Reriwe Rino Paerewa o GB::
Ngā Whakatakotoranga: GB6kg, 8kg, GB9kg, GB12, GB15kg, 18kg, GB22kg, 24kg, GB30, P38kg, P43kg, P50kg, P60kg, QU70, QU80, QU100, QU120
Paerewa: GB11264-89 GB2585-2007 YB/T5055-93
Rauemi: U71Mn/50Mn
Roa: 6m-12m 12.5m-25m
| Taonga | Tau | Rahi Wāhanga (mm) | ||||
| Teitei o te Rerewē | Whānuitanga o te Tūāpapa | Whānui o te Upoko | Matotoru | Taumaha (kgs) | ||
| Rerewē Mama | 8KG/M | 65.00 | 54.00 | 25.00 | 7.00 | 8.42 |
| 12KG/M | 69.85 | 69.85 | 38.10 | 7.54 | 12.2 | |
| 15KG/M | 79.37 | 79.37 | 42.86 | 8.33 | 15.2 | |
| 18KG/M | 90.00 | 80.00 | 40.00 | 10.00 | 18.06 | |
| 22KG/M | 93.66 | 93.66 | 50.80 | 10.72 | 22.3 | |
| 24KG/M | 107.95 | 92.00 | 51.00 | 10.90 | 24.46 | |
| 30KG/M | 107.95 | 107.95 | 60.33 | 12.30 | 30.10 | |
| Rerewē Taumaha | 38KG/M | 134.00 | 114.00 | 68.00 | 13.00 | 38.733 |
| 43KG/M | 140.00 | 114.00 | 70.00 | 14.50 | 44.653 | |
| 50KG/M | 152.00 | 132.00 | 70.00 | 15.50 | 51.514 | |
| 60KG/M | 176.00 | 150.00 | 75.00 | 20.00 | 74.64 | |
| 75KG/M | 192.00 | 150.00 | 75.00 | 20.00 | 74.64 | |
| UIC54 | 159.00 | 140.00 | 70.00 | 16.00 | 54.43 | |
| UIC60 | 172.00 | 150.00 | 74.30 | 16.50 | 60.21 | |
| Reriwe Hiki | QU70 | 120.00 | 120.00 | 70.00 | 28.00 | 52.80 |
| QU80 | 130.00 | 130.00 | 80.00 | 32.00 | 63.69 | |
| QU100 | 150.00 | 150.00 | 100.00 | 38.00 | 88.96 | |
| QU120 | 170.00 | 170.00 | 120.00 | 44.00 | 118.1 | |
PAINGA
Te momo me te kaha oara tereinaka whakaatuhia mā te taumaha tata (kirokaramu) mō ia mita o te roa. Hei tauira, ko ngā momo reriwe paerewa o nāianei i Haina ko 43kg/m, 50kg/m, 60kg/m, 75kg/m, me ētahi atu. Ko te roa paerewa o ngā reriwe i Haina: 43kg/m ko 12.5m, 25m rānei; ko te roa o ngā reriwe i runga ake i te 50kg/m ko 25m, 50m, me te 100m. Haere ki te wheketere whakarewa reriwe ki te whakarewa ki roto i te reriwe 500m te roa, kātahi ka kawe ki te papa hangahanga ka whakarewa ki te roa e hiahiatia ana.
Ka rerekē pea ngā whakaritenga mō te rerewē i runga i ngā whakaritenga motuhake o te pūnaha rerewē me te whenua. Heoi, ko ētahi o ngā whakaritenga noa ko:
Taumaha Reriwe: Ko te taumaha o te reriwe ka whakaatuhia i roto i ngā pauna mō ia iari (lbs/yd) me ngā kirokaramu mō ia mita (kg/m). Ko te taumaha reriwe te mea e whakatau ana i te kaha kawe kawenga me te pakari o te reriwe.
Wāhanga Rerewē: Ka rerekē pea te āhua o te rerewē, e mōhiotia ana ko te wāhanga rerewē. Ko ētahi o ngā wāhanga rerewē noa ko te wāhanga-I (e mōhiotia ana ko te wāhanga "I-beam"), te wāhanga UIC60, me te wāhanga ASCE 136.
Roa: Ka rerekē te roa o te reriwe i runga i te pūnaha reriwe motuhake, engari ko te roa paerewa he 20-30 mita te nuinga.
Paerewa: Tērā pea he paerewa motuhake ā ia rohe, ā ia whenua rānei mō ngā ara rerewē. Hei tauira, i Amerika Te Raki, ka whakatakotohia e te Association of American Railroads (AAR) ngā paerewa mō ngā whakaritenga ara rerewē.
Te Āhua Rino: Ka rerekē pea te āhua motuhake o te rino e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā reriwe. Ko ngā āhua rino e whakamahia whānuitia ana ko te rino waro (pēnei i te A36, i te A709 rānei), te rino koranu (pēnei i te AISI 4340, i te ASTM A320 rānei), me ngā rino i whakamahanatia (pēnei i te ASTM A759).
Ātete Paku: Ka pāngia tonutia ngā reriwe rerewē e te pakaru o ngā wira o ngā tereina. Nō reira, he mea nui te ātete ki te pakaru mō ngā reriwe. Ka taea te pani i ngā momo paninga, maimoatanga rānei ki te mata o te reriwe hei whakapai ake i te ātete pakaru.
Te Āheinga Whakarewa: He maha ngā wā ka hiahiatia he whakarewa mō ngā hononga reriwe hei hono i ngā wāhanga reriwe takitahi. Nō reira, kei roto pea i ngā whakaritenga reriwe ngā paearu mō te āheinga whakarewa hei whakarite i te kaha me te roa o te whakarewa.
Kia mōhio: He mea nui kia tirohia ngā paerewa tereina motuhake e whakamahia ana i tō rohe, i tō whenua rānei, mō ngā whakaritenga taipitopito me te tika.
KAUPAPA
Tā mātou kamupene'ngāwhakatakotoranga maitai reriweE 13,800 tāne o ngā rēri maitai i kaweake ki te Hononga o Amerika i tukuna ki te Tauranga o Tianjin i tētahi wā. I oti te kaupapa hanga me te whakatakoto haere i te rēri whakamutunga ki runga i te ara rerewē. Nō te raina whakaputa whānui o tā mātou wheketere rēri me te kurupae maitai ēnei rēri katoa, e whakamahi ana i te Hanganga ā-ao ki ngā paerewa hangarau tino teitei me te tino pakari.
Mō ētahi atu pārongo e pā ana ki ngā hua rerewē, whakapā mai!
Waea: +86 13652091506
Waea: +86 13652091506
Īmēra:[email protected]
kaiwhakarato tereina Haina,reera maitai Haina,Reera Maitai Paerewa o GB
TONO
Te māramatangaAra Rerewēe whakamahia ana mō te whakatakoto i ngā ara kawe waka rangitahi me ngā ara tereina māmā i roto i ngā ngahere, ngā wāhi keri maina, ngā wheketere me ngā papa hanga. Rauemi: 55Q/Q235B, paerewa whakahaere: GB11264-89.
1. Te mara kawe tereina
He wāhanga nui, he mea nui hoki ngā rēri i roto i te hanganga me te whakahaere rēriwe. I roto i te kawe rēriwe, ko ngā rēriwe rino te kawenga mō te tautoko me te kawe i te taumaha katoa o te tereina, ā, ko tōna kounga me tana mahi ka pā tika ki te haumaru me te pumau o te tereina. Nō reira, me tino pai ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana me ngā āhuatanga matū o ngā rēriwe pērā i te kaha teitei, te ātete ki te kakahu, me te ātete ki te waikura. I tēnei wā, ko te paerewa rēriwe e whakamahia ana e te nuinga o ngā ara rēriwe ā-rohe ko GB/T 699-1999 "Teitei Waro Hanganga Rino".
2. Te mara hangarau hangahanga
Haunga te ao rerewē, he whānuitia hoki te whakamahinga o ngā reri maitai i roto i te hangarau hanga, pērā i te hanganga o ngā kerēni, ngā kerēni pourewa, ngā piriti me ngā kaupapa o raro whenua. I roto i ēnei kaupapa, ka whakamahia ngā reri hei turanga me ngā taputapu hei tautoko me te kawe i te taumaha. He pānga nui tō rātou kounga me te pumau ki te haumaru me te pumau o te kaupapa hanga katoa.
3. Mara mīhini taumaha
I roto i te ao hanga mīhini taumaha, he wāhanga noa anō hoki ngā rēri, e whakamahia ana i ngā ara rere i hangaia ki ngā rēri. Hei tauira, ko ngā awheawhe hanga maitai i roto i ngā wheketere maitai, ngā raina whakaputa i roto i ngā wheketere motuka, me ētahi atu, me whakamahi katoa i ngā ara rere i hangaia ki ngā rēri maitai hei tautoko me te kawe i ngā mīhini me ngā taputapu taumaha e tekau tāne te taumaha, neke atu rānei.
I roto i ngā kupu poto, ko te whānui o te whakamahinga o ngā rēri maitai i roto i te kawe waka, te hanga hangarau, ngā mīhini taumaha me ētahi atu mara kua whai wāhi nui ki te whanaketanga me te ahunga whakamua o ēnei ahumahi. I ēnei rā, me te auahatanga me te whanaketanga tonu o te hangarau, kei te whakahoutia tonutia, kei te whakapai akehia hoki ngā rēri kia urutau ki te whakapai tonu me te whai i te mahi me te kounga i roto i ngā mara rerekē.
TE TĀKAI ME TE TUKU
Ko te whakapai ake i te hoahoa o te pane o te GB Standard Steel Rail tētahi o ngā huarahi hei whakapai ake i te pakari me te ātete ki te kakahu.
I te wāhanga pane reriwe o te reriwe o mua, he ngawari te mata o te takahanga, ā, ko ngā pewa he iti ake te radius e whakamahia ana i ngā taha e rua. Tae noa ki ngā tau 1950 me 1960, i kitea ahakoa te āhua o te pane reriwe i hangaia i te tuatahi, i muri i te pakaru o ngā wira tereina, he porowhita te āhua o te takahanga i runga i te reriwe, ā, he nui te radius o te pewa i ngā taha e rua. I kitea i roto i te whakatauira whakamātautau ko te kiri o te pane reriwe e pā ana ki te taumahatanga nui o te hononga wira-reriwe i te wāhanga o roto o te pane reriwe. Hei whakaiti i te kino o te tango reriwe, kua whakarerekētia e ngā whenua katoa te hoahoa pewa o te pane reriwe kia iti ake ai te āhua kirihou.
Tuatahi, kua whai ngā whenua i tētahi mātāpono pēnei i roto i te hoahoa o te papa upoko o te Rerewē Rino Paerewa o te GB: ko te pewa o te papa o runga o te rerewē ka rite ki te rahi o te papa wira i te mea ka taea, arā, ko te rahi o te pewa papa, pērā i te rerewē 59.9kg/m i te United States, ko te pewa upoko rerewē ka whakamahia te R254-R31.75-R9.52; ko te rerewē 65kg/m o te Soviet Union o mua, ko te pewa upoko rerewē ka whakamahia te R300-R80-R15; ko te rerewē UIC 60kg/m, ko te pewa upoko rerewē ka whakamahia te R300-R80-R13. Ka kitea mai i runga ake nei ko te āhuatanga matua o te hoahoa wāhanga o te pane rerewē hou ko te whakamahinga o ngā pihi uaua me ngā radius e toru. I te taha o te pane rerewē, ka whakamahia he rārangi tika me te tihi whaiti me te raro whānui, ā, ko te pari o te rārangi tika he 1:20~1:40 te nuinga. He rārangi tika me te pari nui te mea e whakamahia ana i te kauae o raro o te pane o te reriwe, ā, ko te pari i te nuinga o te wā he 1:3 ki te 1:4.
Tuarua, i te rohe whakawhiti i waenganui i te GB Standard Steel Railhead me te hope reera, hei whakaiti i ngā kapiti i puta mai i te kukū o te ahotea me te whakanui ake i te ātete waku i waenganui i te pereti ika me te reera, ka whakamahia hoki he pihi uaua i te rohe whakawhiti i waenganui i te pane reera me te hope reera, ā, ka whakamahia he hoahoa radius nui i roto i te hope. Hei tauira, ka whakamahia e te reera 60kg/m a UIC te R7-R35-R120 i roto i te rohe whakawhiti i waenganui i te pane reera me te hope. Ka whakamahia e te reera 60kg/m a Hapani te R19-R19-R500 i roto i te rohe whakawhiti i waenganui i te pane reera me te hope.
Tuatoru, i roto i te rohe whakawhiti i waenga i te hope o te reriwe me te raro o te reriwe, kia maeneene ai te whakawhiti o te wāhanga, ka whakamahia hoki he hoahoa piko uaua, ā, ka honoa maeneene te whakawhiti āta haere ki te pari o te raro o te reriwe. Pērā i te reriwe UIC60kg/m, me whakamahi i te R120-R35-R7. Ko te reriwe 60kg/m o Hapani e whakamahi ana i te R500-R19. Ko te reriwe 60kg/m o Haina e whakamahi ana i te R400-R20.
Tuawhā, he papatahi te raro o te raro o te reriwe, kia pai ai te pumau o te wāhanga. He koki tika ngā mata o te raro o te reriwe, kātahi ka porowhitahia ki te radius iti, ko te tikanga he R4~R2. Ko te taha o roto o te raro o te reriwe he mea hanga ki ngā huinga rārangi whakarara e rua, ko ētahi he pari rua, ko ētahi he pari kotahi. Hei tauira, ko te reriwe UIC60kg/m he pari rua 1:275+1:14. Ko te reriwe 60kg/m o Hapani he pari kotahi 1:4. Ko te reriwe 60kg/m o Haina he pari rua 1:3+1:9.
TE HANGA HUA
I hangaia ki Haina, ratonga tino pai, kounga teitei, rongonui o te ao
1. Pānga tauine: He nui te mekameka tuku me te wheketere maitai nui a tā mātou kamupene, e tutuki ana ngā pānga tauine i roto i te kawe waka me te hoko, ā, ka noho hei kamupene maitai e whakauru ana i te whakaputa me ngā ratonga.
2. Kanorau o te hua: Kanorau o te hua, ka taea te hoko mai i a mātou i ngā maitai katoa e hiahiatia ana e koe, ko te nuinga e mahi ana i roto i ngā hanganga maitai, ngā reera maitai, ngā puranga rau maitai, ngā whāriki photovoltaic, te maitai hongere, ngā koiri maitai silicon me ētahi atu hua, e ngāwari ake ai te whiriwhiri i te momo hua e hiahiatia ana hei whakatutuki i ngā hiahia rerekē.
3. Tukunga pumau: Mā te whai raina whakaputa me te mekameka tuku pumau ake ka taea te whakarato i te tuku pono ake. He mea nui rawa atu tēnei mō ngā kaihoko e hiahia ana ki te nui o te maitai.
4. Te awe o te waitohu: He nui ake te awe o te waitohu, ā, he nui ake te mākete
5. Ratonga: He kamupene rino nui e whakauru ana i te whakaritenga, te kawe me te whakaputa
6. Whakataetae utu: utu whaitake
*Tukuna te īmēra ki[email protected]ki te tiki whakatau utu mō āu kaupapa
TE HAERENGA MAI O NGĀ KIRITAKI
Ngā Pātai Auau
1.Me pēhea taku tiki korero mai i a koe?
Ka taea e koe te waiho karere ki a mātou, ā, ka whakautu mātou i ia karere i te wā tika.
2. Ka tukuna atu e koe ngā taonga i te wā tika?
Ae, ka oati mātou ki te whakarato i ngā hua kounga teitei me te tuku i te wā tika. Ko te pono te kaupapa matua a tā mātou kamupene.
3. Ka taea e au te tiki tauira i mua i te ota?
Āe, koia rā. Ko te tikanga he kore utu ā mātou tauira, ka taea e mātou te whakaputa mā ō tauira, mā ō tuhi hangarau rānei.
4. He aha ngā tikanga utu mōu?
Ko tā mātou utunga noa he 30% tāpui, ā, ko te toenga he utu mai i te B/L. EXW, FOB, CFR, CIF.
5. E whakaae ana koe ki te tirotiro a te tuatoru?
Āe, e tino whakaae ana mātou.
6. Me pēhea mātou e whakawhirinaki ai ki tāu kamupene?
He tohunga mātou ki te pakihi maitai mō ngā tau maha hei kaiwhakarato koura, kei te kawanatanga o Tianjin te tari matua, nau mai ki te tirotiro i ngā huarahi katoa.
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